Janmejaya Sahoo

State Unit: Odisha, Geological Survey of India, Eastern Region, Bhubaneswar-751012, Odisha, India

(E-mail: jsjanmejaya@gmail.com)

Abstract

This study presents a detailed hydrogeochemical assessment of stream waters parts of Yadadri Bhuvanagiri and Rangareddy districts, Telangana, emphasizing the interplay of geological and anthropogenic factors shaping water quality. Nine higher-order stream samples reveal slightly alkaline pH (7.5–8.0) and variable total dissolved solids (395.85–2008.5 mg/L), reflecting rock water interaction alongside contamination from agricultural runoff and industrial effluents. Piper diagram analyses classify waters predominantly as Ca-Cl type (Type V), with sample C3 showing Ca-Mg-Cl characteristics (Type III), underscoring influences of ion exchange and pollution. Gibbs diagrams confirm rock–water interaction and evaporative enrichment as key processes governing solute chemistry. Irrigation suitability indices (SAR: 1.05–23.50; %Na: 9.55–61.58) indicate mostly low to moderate sodium hazards, although high-SAR samples warrant careful management. Industrial water quality assessment identifies challenges from elevated TDS, hardness, and chloride levels, suggesting pretreatment needs to mitigate scaling and corrosion risks. Elevated chloride, sulfate, and nitrate levels highlight anthropogenic impacts, signaling potential public health concerns. This comprehensive evaluation advocates for integrated water resource management incorporating continuous monitoring, targeted remediation, and land-use regulation to ensure sustainable multipurpose utilization and safeguard environmental and human health in this region.

Keywords: Hydrogeochemistry, Stream Water Quality, Sustainable Water Management, Multipurpose Water Use, Rock–Water Interaction